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slapd.conf — configuration file for slapd, the stand-alone LDAP daemon
ETCDIR/slapd.conf
The file ETCDIR/slapd.conf
contains
configuration information for the slapd(8) daemon. This
configuration file is also used by the SLAPD tools slapacl(8), slapadd(8), slapauth(8), slapcat(8), slapdn(8), slapindex(8), and slaptest(8).
The slapd.conf
file consists of a series of global configuration options
that apply to slapd
as a whole (including all backends), followed by zero or more
database backend definitions that contain information
specific to a backend instance. The configuration options are
case-insensitive; their value, on a case by case basis, may
be case-sensitive.
The general format of slapd.conf
is as follows:
# comment - these options apply to every database <global configuration options> # first database definition & configuration options database <backend 1 type> <configuration options specific to backend 1> # subsequent database definitions & configuration options ...
As many backend-specific sections as desired may be
included. Global options can be overridden in a backend (for
options that appear more than once, the last appearance in
the slapd.conf
file
is used).
If a line begins with white space, it is considered a continuation of the previous line. No physical line should be over 2000 bytes long.
Blank lines and comment lines beginning with a `#' character are ignored. Note: continuation lines are unwrapped before comment processing is applied.
Arguments on configuration lines are separated by white space. If an argument contains white space, the argument should be enclosed in double quotes. If an argument contains a double quote (`"') or a backslash character (`\'), the character should be preceded by a backslash character.
The specific configuration options available are discussed
below in the Global Configuration Options, General Backend
Options, and General Database Options. Backend-specific
options are discussed in the slapd−<backend>(5)
manual pages. Refer to the "OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide"
for more details on the slapd configuration file.
Options described in this section apply to all backends, unless specifically overridden in a backend definition. Arguments that should be replaced by actual text are shown in brackets <>.
Grant access (specified by <access>) to a set of entries and/or attributes (specified by <what>) by one or more requestors (specified by <who>). If no access controls are present, the default policy allows anyone and everyone to read anything but restricts updates to rootdn. (e.g., "access to * by * read"). The rootdn can always read and write EVERYTHING! See slapd.access(5) and the "OpenLDAP's Administrator's Guide" for details.
Specify a set of features (separated by white space)
to allow (default none). bind_v2
allows
acceptance of LDAPv2 bind requests. Note that slapd(8) does not
truly implement LDAPv2 (RFC 1777), now Historic (RFC
3494). bind_anon_cred
allows
anonymous bind when credentials are not empty (e.g.
when DN is empty). bind_anon_dn
allows
unauthenticated (anonymous) bind when DN is not empty.
update_anon
allows unauthenticated (anonymous) update operations to
be processed (subject to access controls and other
administrative limits). proxy_authz_anon
allows
unauthenticated (anonymous) proxy authorization control
to be processed (subject to access controls,
authorization and other administrative limits).
The (absolute) name of a file that will hold the
slapd
server's command line (program name and options).
Define tagging attribute options or option tag/range
prefixes. Options must not end with `−', prefixes
must end with `−'. The `lang−' prefix is
predefined. If you use the attributeoptions
directive, `lang−' will no longer be defined and
you must specify it explicitly if you want it
defined.
An attribute description with a tagging option is a subtype of that attribute description without the option. Except for that, options defined this way have no special semantics. Prefixes defined this way work like the `lang−' options: They define a prefix for tagging options starting with the prefix. That is, if you define the prefix `x−foo−', you can use the option `x−foo−bar'. Furthermore, in a search or compare, a prefix or range name (with a trailing `−') matches all options starting with that name, as well as the option with the range name sans the trailing `−'. That is, `x−foo−bar−' matches `x−foo−bar' and `x−foo−bar−baz'.
RFC 4520 reserves options beginning with `x−' for private experiments. Other options should be registered with IANA, see RFC 4520 section 3.5. OpenLDAP also has the `binary' option built in, but this is a transfer option, not a tagging option.
attributetype ( <oid> [NAME <name>] [DESC <description>] [OBSOLETE] [SUP <oid>] [EQUALITY <oid>] [ORDERING <oid>] [SUBSTR <oid>] [SYNTAX <oidlen>] [SINGLE−VALUE] [COLLECTIVE] [NO−USER−MODIFICATION] [USAGE <attributeUsage>] )
Specify an attribute type using the LDAPv3 syntax defined in RFC 4512. The slapd parser extends the RFC 4512 definition by allowing string forms as well as numeric OIDs to be used for the attribute OID and attribute syntax OID. (See the
objectidentifier
description.)
Used by the authentication framework to convert
simple user names to an LDAP DN used for authorization
purposes. Its purpose is analogous to that of
authz-regexp
(see below). The prefix authid−
is
followed by a set of rules analogous to those described
in slapo-rwm(5) for data
rewriting (replace the rwm−
prefix with
authid−
).
authid−rewrite<cmd>
and authz−regexp
rules should not be intermixed.
Used to specify which rules to use for Proxy
Authorization. Proxy authorization allows a client to
authenticate to the server using one user's
credentials, but specify a different identity to use
for authorization and access control purposes. It
essentially allows user A to login as user B, using
user A's password. The none
flag disables
proxy authorization. This is the default setting. The
from
flag
will use rules in the authzFrom
attribute of
the authorization DN. The to
flag will use rules
in the authzTo
attribute of
the authentication DN. The any
flag, an alias for
the deprecated value of both
, will allow any of
the above, whatever succeeds first (checked in
to
,
from
sequence. The all
flag requires both
authorizations to succeed.
The rules are mechanisms to specify which identities are allowed to perform proxy authorization. The
authzFrom
attribute in an entry specifies which other users are allowed to proxy login to this entry. TheauthzTo
attribute in an entry specifies which other users this user can authorize as. Use ofauthzTo
rules can be easily abused if users are allowed to write arbitrary values to this attribute. In general theauthzTo
attribute must be protected with ACLs such that only privileged users can modify it. The value ofauthzFrom
andauthzTo
describes anidentity
or a set of identities; it can take five forms:
- ldap:///<base>??[<scope>]?<filter>
dn[.<dnstyle>]:<pattern>
u[.<mech>[/<realm>]]:<pattern>
group[/objectClass[/attributeType]]:<pattern>
<pattern>
<dnstyle>:={exact|onelevel|children|subtree|regex}
The first form is a valid LDAP
URI
where the<host>:<port>
, the<attrs>
and the<extensions>
portions must be absent, so that the search occurs locally on eitherauthzFrom
orauthzTo
. The second form is aDN
, with the optional style modifiersexact
,onelevel
,children
, andsubtree
for exact, onelevel, children and subtree matches, which cause<pattern>
to be normalized according to the DN normalization rules, or the special regex style, which causes the<pattern>
to be treated as a POSIX (''extended'') regular expression, as discussed in regex(7) and/or re_format(7). A pattern of*
means any non-anonymous DN. The third form is a SASLid
, with the optional fields<mech>
and<realm>
that allow to specify a SASLmechanism
, and eventually a SASLrealm
, for those mechanisms that support one. The need to allow the specification of a mechanism is still debated, and users are strongly discouraged to rely on this possibility. The fourth form is a group specification, consisting of the keywordgroup
, optionally followed by the specification of the groupobjectClass
and memberattributeType
. The group with DN<pattern>
is searched with base scope, and in case of match, the values of the memberattributeType
are searched for the asserted DN. For backwards compatibility, if no identity type is provided, i.e. only<pattern>
is present, an exact DN is assumed; as a consequence,<pattern>
is subjected to DN normalization. Since the interpretation ofauthzFrom
andauthzTo
can impact security, users are strongly encouraged to explicitly set the type of identity specification that is being used. A subset of these rules can be used as third arg in theauthz−regexp
statement (see below); significantly, theURI
, provided it results in exactly one entry, and thedn.exact:<dn>
forms.
Used by the authentication framework to convert
simple user names, such as provided by SASL subsystem,
or extracted from certificates in case of cert-based
SASL EXTERNAL, or provided within the RFC 4370 "proxied
authorization" control, to an LDAP DN used for
authorization purposes. Note that the resulting DN need
not refer to an existing entry to be considered valid.
When an authorization request is received from the SASL
subsystem, the SASL USERNAME
, REALM
, and MECHANISM
are taken, when available,
and combined into a name of the form
- UID=<username>[[,CN=<realm>],CN=<mechanism>],CN=auth
This name is then compared against the
match
POSIX (''extended'') regular expression, and if the match is successful, the name is replaced with thereplace
string. If there are wildcard strings in thematch
regular expression that are enclosed in parenthesis, e.g.
- UID=([^,]*),CN=.*
then the portion of the name that matched the wildcard will be stored in the numbered placeholder variable $1. If there are other wildcard strings in parenthesis, the matching strings will be in $2, $3, etc. up to $9. The placeholders can then be used in the
replace
string, e.g.
UID=$1,OU=Accounts,DC=example,DC=com
The replaced name can be either a DN, i.e. a string prefixed by "dn:", or an LDAP URI. If the latter, the server will use the URI to search its own database(s) and, if the search returns exactly one entry, the name is replaced by the DN of that entry. The LDAP URI must have no hostport, attrs, or extensions components, but the filter is mandatory, e.g.
ldap:///OU=Accounts,DC=example,DC=com??one?
(UID=$1
)The protocol portion of the URI must be strictly ldap. Note that this search is subject to access controls. Specifically, the authentication identity must have "auth" access in the subject.
Multiple
authz−regexp
options can be given in the configuration file to allow for multiple matching and replacement patterns. The matching patterns are checked in the order they appear in the file, stopping at the first successful match.
Specify a desired level of concurrency. Provided to the underlying thread system as a hint. The default is not to provide any hint.
Specify the maximum number of pending requests for an anonymous session. If requests are submitted faster than the server can process them, they will be queued up to this limit. If the limit is exceeded, the session is closed. The default is 100.
Specify the maximum number of pending requests for an authenticated session. The default is 1000.
Specify a default search base to use when client submits a non-base search request with an empty base DN. Base scoped search requests with an empty base DN are not affected.
Specify a set of features (separated by white space)
to disallow (default none). bind_anon
disables
acceptance of anonymous bind requests. Note that this
setting does not prohibit anonymous directory access
(See "require authc"). bind_simple
disables
simple (bind) authentication. tls_2_anon
disables
forcing session to anonymous status (see also
tls_authc
)
upon StartTLS operation receipt. tls_authc
disallows the
StartTLS operation if authenticated (see also
tls_2_anon
).
proxy_authz_non_critical
disables acceptance of the proxied authorization
control (RFC4370) when criticality is FALSE. dontusecopy_non_critical
disables acceptance of the dontUseCopy control (a work
in progress) when criticality is FALSE.
ditcontentrule ( <oid> [NAME <name>] [DESC <description>] [OBSOLETE] [AUX <oids>] [MUST <oids>] [MAY <oids>] [NOT <oids>] )
Specify an DIT Content Rule using the LDAPv3 syntax defined in RFC 4512. The slapd parser extends the RFC 4512 definition by allowing string forms as well as numeric OIDs to be used for the attribute OID and attribute syntax OID. (See the
objectidentifier
description.)
A SIGHUP signal will only cause a 'gentle'
shutdown-attempt: Slapd
will stop
listening for new connections, but will not close the
connections to the current clients. Future write
operations return unwilling-to-perform, though. Slapd
terminates when all clients have closed their
connections (if they ever do), or - as before - if it
receives a SIGTERM signal. This can be useful if you
wish to terminate the server and start a new slapd
server
with another
database, without disrupting the currently
active clients. The default is off. You may wish to use
idletimeout
along with this option.
Specify the number of seconds to wait before
forcibly closing an idle client connection. A
idletimeout of 0 disables this feature. The default is
0. You may also want to set the writetimeout
option.
Read additional configuration information from the given file before continuing with the next line of the current file.
Specify the key length for ordered integer indices. The most significant bytes of the binary integer will be used for index keys. The default value is 4, which provides exact indexing for 31 bit values. A floating point representation is used to index too large values.
Specify the minimum length for subinitial and subfinal indices. An attribute value must have at least this many characters in order to be processed by the indexing functions. The default is 2.
Specify the maximum length for subinitial and subfinal indices. Only this many characters of an attribute value will be processed by the indexing functions; any excess characters are ignored. The default is 4.
Specify the length used for subany indices. An
attribute value must have at least this many characters
in order to be processed. Attribute values longer than
this length will be processed in segments of this
length. The default is 4. The subany index will also be
used in subinitial and subfinal index lookups when the
filter string is longer than the index_substr_if_maxlen
value.
Specify the steps used in subany index lookups. This value sets the offset for the segments of a filter string that are processed for a subany index lookup. The default is 2. For example, with the default values, a search using this filter "cn=*abcdefgh*" would generate index lookups for "abcd", "cdef", and "efgh".
Note | |
---|---|
Indexing support depends on the particular backend in use. Also, changing these settings will generally require deleting any indices that depend on these parameters and recreating them with slapindex(8). |
ldapsyntax ( <oid> [DESC <description>] [X−SUBST <substitute-syntax>] )
Specify an LDAP syntax using the LDAPv3 syntax defined in RFC 4512. The slapd parser extends the RFC 4512 definition by allowing string forms as well as numeric OIDs to be used for the syntax OID. (See the
objectidentifier
description.) The slapd parser also honors theX−SUBST
extension (an OpenLDAP-specific extension), which allows to use theldapsyntax
statement to define a non-implemented syntax along with another syntax, the extension valuesubstitute-syntax
, as its temporary replacement. Thesubstitute-syntax
must be defined. This allows to define attribute types that make use of non-implemented syntaxes using the correct syntax OID. UnlessX−SUBST
is used, this configuration statement would result in an error, since no handlers would be associated to the resulting syntax structure.
Specify the number of threads to use for the connection manager. The default is 1 and this is typically adequate for up to 16 CPU cores. The value should be set to a power of 2.
Specifies the Security Strength Factor (SSF) to be
given local LDAP sessions, such as those to the
ldapi:// listener. For a description of SSF values, see
sasl-secprops
's
minssf
option
description. The default is 71.
Specify a file for recording debug log messages. By default these messages only go to stderr and are not recorded anywhere else. Specifying a logfile copies messages to both stderr and the logfile.
Specify the level at which debugging statements and operation statistics should be syslogged (currently logged to the syslogd(8) LOG_LOCAL4 facility). They must be considered subsystems rather than increasingly verbose log levels. Some messages with higher priority are logged regardless of the configured loglevel as soon as any logging is configured. Log levels are additive, and available levels are:
1
(0x1 trace) trace function calls
2
(0x2 packets) debug packet handling
4
(0x4 args) heavy trace debugging (function args)
8
(0x8 conns) connection management
16
(0x10 BER) print out packets sent and received
32
(0x20 filter) search filter processing
64
(0x40 config) configuration file processing
128
(0x80 ACL) access control list processing
256
(0x100 stats) connections, LDAP operations, results (recommended)
512
(0x200 stats2) stats log entries sent
1024
(0x400 shell) print communication with shell backends
2048
(0x800 parse) entry parsing
16384
(0x4000 sync) LDAPSync replication
32768
(0x8000 none) only messages that get logged whatever log level is set
The desired log level can be input as a single integer that combines the (ORed) desired levels, both in decimal or in hexadecimal notation, as a list of integers (that are ORed internally), or as a list of the names that are shown between brackets, such that
loglevel 129 loglevel 0x81 loglevel 128 1 loglevel 0x80 0x1 loglevel acl traceare equivalent. The keyword
any
can be used as a shortcut to enable logging at all levels (equivalent to −1). The keywordnone
, or the equivalent integer representation, causes those messages that are logged regardless of the configured loglevel to be logged. In fact, if loglevel is set to 0, no logging occurs, so at least thenone
level is required to have high priority messages logged.The loglevel defaults to
stats
. This level should usually also be included when using other loglevels, to help analyze the logs.
Specify the name of a dynamically loadable module to
load. The filename may be an absolute path name or a
simple filename. Non-absolute names are searched for in
the directories specified by the modulepath
option. This
option and the modulepath
option are
only usable if slapd was compiled with
−−enable−modules.
Specify a list of directories to search for loadable modules. Typically the path is colon-separated but this depends on the operating system. The default is MODULEDIR, which is where the standard OpenLDAP install will place its modules.
objectclass ( <oid> [NAME <name>] [DESC <description>] [OBSOLETE] [SUP <oids>] [{ ABSTRACT | STRUCTURAL | AUXILIARY }] [MUST <oids>] [MAY <oids>] )
Specify an objectclass using the LDAPv3 syntax defined in RFC 4512. The slapd parser extends the RFC 4512 definition by allowing string forms as well as numeric OIDs to be used for the object class OID. (See the
objectidentifier
description.) Object classes are "STRUCTURAL" by default.
Define a string name that equates to the given OID. The string can be used in place of the numeric OID in objectclass and attribute definitions. The name can also be used with a suffix of the form ":xx" in which case the value "oid.xx" will be used.
This option configures one or more hashes to be used
in generation of user passwords stored in the
userPassword attribute during processing of LDAP
Password Modify Extended Operations (RFC 3062). The
<hash> must be one of {SSHA}
, {SHA}
, {SMD5}
, {MD5}
, {CRYPT}
, and {CLEARTEXT}
. The
default is {SSHA}
.
{SHA}
and
{SSHA}
use
the SHA-1 algorithm (FIPS 160-1), the latter with a
seed.
{MD5}
and
{SMD5}
use
the MD5 algorithm (RFC 1321), the latter with a
seed.
{CRYPT}
uses the crypt(3).
{CLEARTEXT}
indicates
that the new password should be added to userPassword
as clear text.
Note that this option does not alter the normal user applications handling of userPassword during LDAP Add, Modify, or other LDAP operations.
Specify the format of the salt passed to crypt(3) when
generating {CRYPT} passwords (see password−hash
)
during processing of LDAP Password Modify Extended
Operations (RFC 3062).
This string needs to be in sprintf(3) format and may include one (and only one) %s conversion. This conversion will be substituted with a string of random characters from [A−Za−z0−9./]. For example, "%.2s" provides a two character salt and "$1$%.8s" tells some versions of crypt(3) to use an MD5 algorithm and provides 8 random characters of salt. The default is "%s", which provides 31 characters of salt.
The (absolute) name of a file that will hold the
slapd
server's process ID (see getpid(2)).
Specify the referral to pass back when slapd(8) cannot find a local database to handle a request. If specified multiple times, each url is provided.
Specify a set of conditions (separated by white
space) to require (default none). The directive may be
specified globally and/or per-database; databases
inherit global conditions, so per-database
specifications are additive. bind
requires bind
operation prior to directory operations. LDAPv3
requires session
to be using LDAP version 3. authc
requires
authentication prior to directory operations.
SASL
requires SASL
authentication prior to directory operations.
strong
requires strong authentication prior to directory
operations. The strong keyword allows protected
"simple" authentication as well as SASL authentication.
none
may be
used to require no conditions (useful to clear out
globally set conditions within a particular database);
it must occur first in the list of conditions.
Enable/disable client name unverified reverse lookup (default is off if compiled with −−enable−rlookups).
Specify the name of an LDIF(5) file containing user defined attributes for the root DSE. These attributes are returned in addition to the attributes normally produced by slapd.
The root DSE is an entry with information about the server and its capabilities, in operational attributes. It has the empty DN, and can be read with e.g.:
ldapsearch −x −b "" −s base "+"
See RFC 4512 section 5.1 for details.
Specify which auxprop plugins to use for authentication lookups. The default is empty, which just uses slapd's internal support. Usually no other auxprop plugins are needed.
Used to specify the fully qualified domain name used for SASL processing.
Specify SASL realm. Default is empty.
Used to specify Cyrus SASL security properties. The
none
flag
(without any other properties) causes the flag
properties default, "noanonymous,noplain", to be
cleared. The noplain
flag disables
mechanisms susceptible to simple passive attacks. The
noactive
flag
disables mechanisms susceptible to active attacks. The
nodict
flag
disables mechanisms susceptible to passive dictionary
attacks. The noanonymous
flag
disables mechanisms which support anonymous login. The
forwardsec
flag require forward secrecy between sessions. The
passcred
require mechanisms which pass client credentials (and
allow mechanisms which can pass credentials to do so).
The minssf=<factor>
property specifies the minimum acceptable security strength factor as
an integer approximate to effective key length used for
encryption. 0 (zero) implies no protection, 1 implies
integrity protection only, 56 allows DES or other weak
ciphers, 112 allows triple DES and other strong
ciphers, 128 allows RC4, Blowfish and other modern
strong ciphers. The default is 0. The maxssf=<factor>
property specifies the maximum acceptable security strength factor as
an integer (see minssf description). The default is
INT_MAX. The maxbufsize=<size>
property specifies the maximum security layer receive
buffer size allowed. 0 disables security layers. The
default is 65536.
Specify the distinguished name for the subschema subentry that controls the entries on this server. The default is "cn=Subschema".
Specify a set of security strength factors
(separated by white space) to require (see sasl−secprops
's
minssf
option
for a description of security strength factors). The
directive may be specified globally and/or
per-database. ssf=<n>
specifies
the overall security strength factor. transport=<n>
specifies the transport security strength factor.
tls=<n>
specifies the TLS security strength factor. sasl=<n>
specifies the SASL security strength factor. update_ssf=<n>
specifies the overall security strength factor to
require for directory updates. update_transport=<n>
specifies the transport security strength factor to
require for directory updates. update_tls=<n>
specifies the TLS security strength factor to require
for directory updates. update_sasl=<n>
specifies the SASL security strength factor to require
for directory updates. simple_bind=<n>
specifies the security strength factor required for
simple
username/password authentication. Note that the
transport
factor is measure of security provided by the
underlying transport, e.g. ldapi:// (and eventually
IPSEC). It is not normally used.
Specify an integer ID from 0 to 4095 for this server (limited to 3 hexadecimal digits). The ID may also be specified as a hexadecimal ID by prefixing the value with "0x". These IDs are required when using multimaster replication and each master must have a unique ID. Note that this requirement also applies to separate masters contributing to a glued set of databases. If the URL is provided, this directive may be specified multiple times, providing a complete list of participating servers and their IDs. The fully qualified hostname of each server should be used in the supplied URLs. The IDs are used in the "replica id" field of all CSNs generated by the specified server. The default value is zero. Example:
serverID 1
Specify the maximum number of entries to return from
a search operation. The default size limit is 500. Use
unlimited
to
specify no limits. The second format allows a fine
grain setting of the size limits. Extra args can be
added on the same line. See limits
for an explanation of the
different flags.
Specify the maximum incoming LDAP PDU size for anonymous sessions. The default is 262143.
Specify the maximum incoming LDAP PDU size for authenticated sessions. The default is 4194303.
Specify a list of multi-valued attributes whose values will always be maintained in sorted order. Using this option will allow Modify, Compare, and filter evaluations on these attributes to be performed more efficiently. The resulting sort order depends on the attributes' syntax and matching rules and may not correspond to lexical order or any other recognizable order.
Specify the size of the TCP buffer. A global value for both read and write TCP buffers related to any listener is defined, unless the listener is explicitly specified, or either the read or write qualifiers are used. See tcp(7) for details. Note that some OS-es implement automatic TCP buffer tuning.
Specify the maximum size of the primary thread pool. The default is 16; the minimum value is 2.
Specify the maximum number of seconds (in real time)
slapd
will
spend answering a search request. The default time
limit is 3600. Use unlimited
to specify no
limits. The second format allows a fine grain setting
of the time limits. Extra args can be added on the same
line. See limits
for an
explanation of the different flags.
Specify the maximum number of threads to use in tool mode. This should not be greater than the number of CPUs in the system. The default is 1.
Specify the number of seconds to wait before forcibly closing a connection with an outstanding write. This allows recovery from various network hang conditions. A writetimeout of 0 disables this feature. The default is 0.
If slapd
is
built with support for Transport Layer Security, there are
more options you can specify.
Permits configuring what ciphers will be accepted and the preference order. <cipher-suite-spec> should be a cipher specification for the TLS library in use (OpenSSL, GnuTLS, or Mozilla NSS). Example:
OpenSSL:
TLSCipherSuite HIGH:MEDIUM:+SSLv2
GnuTLS:
TLSCiphersuite SECURE256:!AES-128-CBC
To check what ciphers a given spec selects in OpenSSL, use:
openssl ciphers −v <cipher-suite-spec>With GnuTLS the available specs can be found in the manual page of gnutls-cli(1) (see the description of the option
−−priority
).In older versions of GnuTLS, where gnutls−cli does not support the option −−priority, you can obtain the — more limited — list of ciphers by calling:
gnutls−cli −lWhen using Mozilla NSS, the OpenSSL cipher suite specifications are used and translated into the format used internally by Mozilla NSS. There isn't an easy way to list the cipher suites from the command line. The authoritative list is in the source code for Mozilla NSS in the file sslinfo.c in the structure
static const SSLCipherSuiteInfo suiteInfo[]
Specifies the file that contains certificates for
all of the Certificate Authorities that slapd
will recognize.
The certificate for the CA that signed the server
certificate must be included among these certificates.
If the signing CA was not a top-level (root) CA,
certificates for the entire sequence of CA's from the
signing CA to the top-level CA should be present.
Multiple certificates are simply appended to the file;
the order is not significant.
Specifies the path of a directory that contains Certificate Authority certificates in separate individual files. Usually only one of this or the TLSCACertificateFile is used. This directive is not supported when using GnuTLS.
When using Mozilla NSS, <path> may contain a Mozilla NSS cert/key database. If <path> contains a Mozilla NSS cert/key database and CA cert files, OpenLDAP will use the cert/key database and will ignore the CA cert files.
Specifies the file that contains the slapd
server
certificate.
When using Mozilla NSS, if using a cert/key database (specified with TLSCACertificatePath), TLSCertificateFile specifies the name of the certificate to use:
TLSCertificateFile Server-Cert
If using a token other than the internal built in token, specify the token name first, followed by a colon:
TLSCertificateFile my hardware device:Server-Cert
Use certutil -L to list the certificates by name:
certutil -d /path/to/certdbdir -L
Specifies the file that contains the slapd
server private
key that matches the certificate stored in the
TLSCertificateFile
file. Currently, the private key must not be protected
with a password, so it is of critical importance that
it is protected carefully.
When using Mozilla NSS, TLSCertificateKeyFile specifies the name of a file that contains the password for the key for the certificate specified with TLSCertificateFile. The modutil command can be used to turn off password protection for the cert/key database. For example, if TLSCACertificatePath specifes /etc/openldap/certdb as the location of the cert/key database, use modutil to change the password to the empty string:
modutil -dbdir /etc/openldap/certdb -changepw 'NSS Certificate DB'
You must have the old password, if any. Ignore the WARNING about the running browser. Press 'Enter' for the new password.
This directive specifies the file that contains parameters for Diffie-Hellman ephemeral key exchange. This is required in order to use a DSA certificate on the server. If multiple sets of parameters are present in the file, all of them will be processed. Note that setting this option may also enable Anonymous Diffie-Hellman key exchanges in certain non-default cipher suites. You should append "!ADH" to your cipher suites if you have changed them from the default, otherwise no certificate exchanges or verification will be done. When using GnuTLS these parameters are always generated randomly so this directive is ignored. This directive is ignored when using Mozilla NSS.
Specifies minimum SSL/TLS protocol version that will be negotiated. If the server doesn't support at least that version, the SSL handshake will fail. To require TLS 1.x or higher, set this option to 3.(x+1), e.g.,
TLSProtocolMin 3.2
would require TLS 1.1. Specifying a minimum that is higher than that supported by the OpenLDAP implementation will result in it requiring the highest level that it does support. This directive is ignored with GnuTLS.
Specifies the file to obtain random bits from when /dev/[u]random is not available. Generally set to the name of the EGD/PRNGD socket. The environment variable RANDFILE can also be used to specify the filename. This directive is ignored with GnuTLS and Mozilla NSS.
Specifies what checks to perform on client
certificates in an incoming TLS session, if any. The
<level>
can be specified as one of the following keywords:
never
This is the default.
slapd
will not ask the client for a certificate.allow
The client certificate is requested. If no certificate is provided, the session proceeds normally. If a bad certificate is provided, it will be ignored and the session proceeds normally.
try
The client certificate is requested. If no certificate is provided, the session proceeds normally. If a bad certificate is provided, the session is immediately terminated.
- demand | hard | true
These keywords are all equivalent, for compatibility reasons. The client certificate is requested. If no certificate is provided, or a bad certificate is provided, the session is immediately terminated.
Note that a valid client certificate is required in order to use the SASL EXTERNAL authentication mechanism with a TLS session. As such, a non-default
TLSVerifyClient
setting must be chosen to enable SASL EXTERNAL authentication.
Specifies if the Certificate Revocation List (CRL)
of the CA should be used to verify if the client
certificates have not been revoked. This requires
TLSCACertificatePath
parameter to be set. This directive is ignored with
GnuTLS and Mozilla NSS. <level>
can be
specified as one of the following keywords:
none
No CRL checks are performed
peer
Check the CRL of the peer certificate
all
Check the CRL for a whole certificate chain
Specifies a file containing a Certificate Revocation List to be used for verifying that certificates have not been revoked. This directive is only valid when using GnuTLS and Mozilla NSS.
Options in this section only apply to the configuration file section for the specified backend. They are supported by every type of backend.
Mark the beginning of a backend definition.
<databasetype> should be one of bdb
, config
, dnssrv
, hdb
, ldap, ldif
, mdb
, meta
, monitor
, null
, passwd
, perl
, relay
, shell
, or sql
, depending on which
backend will serve the database.
Options in this section only apply to the configuration
file section for the database in which they are defined. They
are supported by every type of backend. Note that the
database
and at
least one suffix
option are mandatory for each database.
Mark the beginning of a new database instance
definition. <databasetype> should be one of
bdb
,
config
,
dnssrv
,
hdb
,
ldap, ldif
, mdb
, meta
, monitor
, null
, passwd
, perl
, relay
, shell
, or sql
, depending on which
backend will serve the database.
LDAP operations, even subtree searches, normally
access only one database. That can be changed by gluing
databases together with the subordinate
keyword.
Access controls and some overlays can also involve
multiple databases.
Controls whether Add operations will perform ACL checks on the content of the entry being added. This check is off by default. See the slapd.access(5) manual page for more details on ACL requirements for Add operations.
Lists what attributes need to be added to search
requests. Local storage backends return the entire
entry to the frontend. The frontend takes care of only
returning the requested attributes that are allowed by
ACLs. However, features like access checking and so may
need specific attributes that are not automatically
returned by remote storage backends, like proxy
backends and so on. <attrlist>
is a
list of attributes that are needed for internal
purposes and thus always need to be collected, even
when not explicitly requested by clients.
Controls whether the database will be used to answer queries. A database that is hidden will never be selected to answer any queries, and any suffix configured on the database will be ignored in checks for conflicts with other databases. By default, hidden is off.
Controls whether slapd
will
automatically maintain the modifiersName,
modifyTimestamp, creatorsName, and createTimestamp
attributes for entries. It also controls the entryCSN
and entryUUID attributes, which are needed by the
syncrepl provider. By default, lastmod is on.
Specify time and size limits based on the
operation's initiator or base DN. The argument
<selector>
can be
any of
- anonymous | users | [<dnspec>=]<pattern> | group[/oc[/at]]=<pattern>
with
- <dnspec> ::= dn[.<type>][.<style>]
- <type> ::= self | this
- <style> ::= exact | base | onelevel | subtree | children | regex | anonymous
DN type
self
is the default and means the bound user, whilethis
means the base DN of the operation. The termanonymous
matches all unauthenticated clients. The termusers
matches all authenticated clients; otherwise anexact
dn pattern is assumed unless otherwise specified by qualifying the (optional) key stringdn
withexact
orbase
(which are synonyms), to require an exact match; withonelevel
, to require exactly one level of depth match; withsubtree
, to allow any level of depth match, including the exact match; withchildren
, to allow any level of depth match, not including the exact match; regex explicitly requires the (default) match based on POSIX (''extended'') regular expression pattern. Finally,anonymous
matches unbound operations; thepattern
field is ignored. The same behavior is obtained by using theanonymous
form of the<selector>
clause. The termgroup
, with the optional objectClassoc
and attributeTypeat
fields, followed bypattern
, sets the limits for any DN listed in the values of theat
attribute (defaultmember
) of theoc
group objectClass (defaultgroupOfNames
) whose DN exactly matchespattern
.The currently supported limits are
size
andtime
.The syntax for time limits is
time[.{soft|hard}]=<integer>
, whereinteger
is the number of seconds slapd will spend answering a search request. If no time limit is explicitly requested by the client, thesoft
limit is used; if the requested time limit exceeds thehard
limit, the value of the limit is used instead. If thehard
limit is set to the keywordsoft
, the soft limit is used in either case; if it is set to the keywordunlimited
, no hard limit is enforced. Explicit requests for time limits smaller or equal to thehard
limit are honored. If no limit specifier is set, the value is assigned to thesoft
limit, and thehard
limit is set tosoft
, to preserve the original behavior.The syntax for size limits is
size[.{soft|hard|unchecked}]=<integer>
, whereinteger
is the maximum number of entries slapd will return answering a search request. If no size limit is explicitly requested by the client, thesoft
limit is used; if the requested size limit exceeds thehard
limit, the value of the limit is used instead. If thehard
limit is set to the keywordsoft
, the soft limit is used in either case; if it is set to the keywordunlimited
, no hard limit is enforced. Explicit requests for size limits smaller or equal to thehard
limit are honored. Theunchecked
specifier sets a limit on the number of candidates a search request is allowed to examine. The rationale behind it is that searches for non-properly indexed attributes may result in large sets of candidates, which must be examined by slapd(8) to determine whether they match the search filter or not. Theunchecked
limit provides a means to drop such operations before they are even started. If the selected candidates exceed theunchecked
limit, the search will abort with Unwilling to perform. If it is set to the keywordunlimited
, no limit is applied (the default). If it is set todisabled
, the search is not even performed; this can be used to disallow searches for a specific set of users. If no limit specifier is set, the value is assigned to thesoft
limit, and thehard
limit is set tosoft
, to preserve the original behavior.In case of no match, the global limits are used. The default values are the same as for
sizelimit
andtimelimit
; no limit is set onunchecked
.If
pagedResults
control is requested, thehard
size limit is used by default, because the request of a specific page size is considered an explicit request for a limitation on the number of entries to be returned. However, the size limit applies to the total count of entries returned within the search, and not to a single page. Additional size limits may be enforced; the syntax issize.pr={<integer>|noEstimate|unlimited}
, whereinteger
is the max page size if no explicit limit is set; the keywordnoEstimate
inhibits the server from returning an estimate of the total number of entries that might be returned (note: the current implementation does not return any estimate). The keywordunlimited
indicates that no limit is applied to the pagedResults control page size. The syntaxsize.prtotal={<integer>|unlimited|disabled}
allows to set a limit on the total number of entries that a pagedResults control allows to return. By default it is set to thehard
limit. When set,integer
is the max number of entries that the whole search with pagedResults control can return. Useunlimited
to allow unlimited number of entries to be returned, e.g. to allow the use of the pagedResults control as a means to circumvent size limitations on regular searches; the keyworddisabled
disables the control, i.e. no paged results can be returned. Note that the total number of entries returned when the pagedResults control is requested cannot exceed thehard
size limit of regular searches unless extended by theprtotal
switch.The
limits
statement is typically used to let an unlimited number of entries be returned by searches performed with the identity used by the consumer for synchronization purposes by means of the RFC 4533 LDAP Content Synchronization protocol (see syncrepl for details).
Specifies the maximum number of aliases to dereference when trying to resolve an entry, used to avoid infinite alias loops. The default is 15.
This option puts a replica database into "mirror"
mode. Update operations will be accepted from any user,
not just the updatedn. The database must already be
configured as a syncrepl consumer before this keyword
may be set. This mode also requires a serverID
(see above) to
be configured. By default, mirrormode is off.
This option enables database-specific monitoring in the entry related to the current database in the "cn=Databases,cn=Monitor" subtree of the monitor database, if the monitor database is enabled. Currently, only the BDB and the HDB databases provide database-specific monitoring. The default depends on the backend type.
Add the specified overlay to this database. An overlay is a piece of code that intercepts database operations in order to extend or change them. Overlays are pushed onto a stack over the database, and so they will execute in the reverse of the order in which they were configured and the database itself will receive control last of all. See the slapd.overlays(5) manual page for an overview of the available overlays. Note that all of the database's regular settings should be configured before any overlay settings.
This option puts the database into "read-only" mode. Any attempts to modify the database will return an "unwilling to perform" error. By default, readonly is off.
Specify a whitespace separated list of operations
that are restricted. If defined inside a database
specification, restrictions apply only to that
database, otherwise they are global. Operations can be
any of add
,
bind
,
compare
,
delete
,
extended[=<OID>]
,
modify
,
rename
,
search
, or
the special pseudo-operations read
and write
, which
respectively summarize read and write operations. The
use of restrict
write is equivalent to readonly on (see above). The
extended
keyword allows to indicate the OID of the specific
operation to be restricted.
Specify the distinguished name that is not subject
to access control or administrative limit restrictions
for operations on this database. This DN may or may not
be associated with an entry. An empty root DN (the
default) specifies no root access is to be granted. It
is recommended that the rootdn only be specified when
needed (such as when initially populating a database).
If the rootdn is within a namingContext (suffix) of the
database, a simple bind password may also be provided
using the rootpw
directive. Many
optional features, including syncrepl, require the
rootdn to be defined for the database.
Specify a password (or hash of the password) for the
rootdn. The password can only be set if the rootdn is
within the namingContext (suffix) of the database. This
option accepts all RFC 2307 userPassword formats known
to the server (see password−hash
description) as well as cleartext. slappasswd(8) may be
used to generate a hash of a password. Cleartext and
{CRYPT}
passwords are not recommended. If empty (the default),
authentication of the root DN is by other means (e.g.
SASL). Use of SASL is encouraged.
Specify the DN suffix of queries that will be passed to this backend database. Multiple suffix lines can be given and at least one is required for each database definition.
If the suffix of one database is "inside" that of
another, the database with the inner suffix must come
first in the configuration file. You may also want to
glue such databases together with the subordinate
keyword.
Specify that the current backend database is a subordinate of another backend database. A subordinate database may have only one suffix. This option may be used to glue multiple databases into a single namingContext. If the suffix of the current database is within the namingContext of a superior database, searches against the superior database will be propagated to the subordinate as well. All of the databases associated with a single namingContext should have identical rootdns. Behavior of other LDAP operations is unaffected by this setting. In particular, it is not possible to use moddn to move an entry from one subordinate to another subordinate within the namingContext.
If the optional advertise
flag is
supplied, the naming context of this database is
advertised in the root DSE. The default is to hide this
database context, so that only the superior context is
visible.
If the slap tools slapcat(8), slapadd(8), or slapindex(8) are used on the superior database, any glued subordinates that support these tools are opened as well.
Databases that are glued together should usually be configured with the same indices (assuming they support indexing), even for attributes that only exist in some of these databases. In general, all of the glued databases should be configured as similarly as possible, since the intent is to provide the appearance of a single directory.
Note that the subordinate
functionality is implemented internally by the
glue
overlay
and as such its behavior will interact with other
overlays in use. By default, the glue overlay is
automatically configured as the last overlay on the
superior backend. Its position on the backend can be
explicitly configured by setting an overlay glue directive at
the desired position. This explicit configuration is
necessary e.g. when using the syncprov
overlay, which
needs to follow glue
in order to work
over all of the glued databases. E.g.
database bdb suffix dc=example,dc=com ... overlay glue overlay syncprov
sync_use_subentry
Store the syncrepl contextCSN in a subentry instead of the context entry of the database. The subentry's RDN will be "cn=ldapsync". By default the contextCSN is stored in the context entry.
syncrepl rid=<replica
ID> provider=ldap[s]://<hostname>[:port]
searchbase=<base
DN> [type=refreshOnly|refreshAndPersist]
[interval=dd:hh:mm:ss]
[retry=[<retry
interval> <# of retries>]+]
[filter=<filter
str>] [scope=sub|one|base|subord]
[attrs=<attr
list>] [attrsonly]
[sizelimit=<limit>]
[timelimit=<limit>]
[schemachecking=on|off]
[network−timeout=<seconds>]
[timeout=<seconds>]
[bindmethod=simple|sasl]
[binddn=<dn>]
[saslmech=<mech>]
[authcid=<identity>]
[authzid=<identity>]
[credentials=<passwd>]
[realm=<realm>]
[secprops=<properties>]
[keepalive=<idle>:<probes>:<interval>]
[starttls=yes|critical]
[tls_cert=<file>]
[tls_key=<file>]
[tls_cacert=<file>]
[tls_cacertdir=<path>]
[tls_reqcert=never|allow|try|demand]
[tls_ciphersuite=<ciphers>]
[tls_crlcheck=none|peer|all]
[tls_protocol_min=<major>[.<minor>]]
[suffixmassage=<real
DN>] [logbase=<base DN>]
[logfilter=<filter
str>] [syncdata=default|accesslog|changelog]
Specify the current database as a replica which is kept up-to-date with the master content by establishing the current slapd(8) as a replication consumer site running a syncrepl replication engine. The replica content is kept synchronized to the master content using the LDAP Content Synchronization protocol. Refer to the "OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide" for detailed information on setting up a replicated
slapd
directory service using the syncrepl replication engine.
rid
identifies the current syncrepl directive within the replication consumer site. It is a non-negative integer not greater than 999 (limited to three decimal digits).
provider
specifies the replication provider site containing the master content as an LDAP URI. If <port> is not given, the standard LDAP port number (389 or 636) is used.The content of the syncrepl replica is defined using a search specification as its result set. The consumer
slapd
will send search requests to the providerslapd
according to the search specification. The search specification includessearchbase
,scope
,filter
,attrs
,attrsonly
,sizelimit
, andtimelimit
parameters as in the normal search specification. Thescope
defaults tosub
, thefilter
defaults to(objectclass=*)
, while there is no defaultsearchbase
. Theattrs
list defaults to"*,+"
to return all user and operational attributes, andattrsonly
is unset by default. Thesizelimit
andtimelimit
only accept "unlimited" and positive integers, and both default to "unlimited". Thesizelimit
andtimelimit
parameters define a consumer requested limitation on the number of entries that can be returned by the LDAP Content Synchronization operation; as such, it is intended to implement partial replication based on the size of the replicated database and on the time required by the synchronization. Note, however, that any provider-side limits for the replication identity will be enforced by the provider regardless of the limits requested by the LDAP Content Synchronization operation, much like for any other search operation.The LDAP Content Synchronization protocol has two operation types. In the
refreshOnly
operation, the next synchronization search operation is periodically rescheduled at an interval time (specified byinterval
parameter; 1 day by default) after each synchronization operation finishes. In therefreshAndPersist
operation, a synchronization search remains persistent in the provider slapd. Further updates to the master replica will generatesearchResultEntry
to the consumer slapd as the search responses to the persistent synchronization search.If an error occurs during replication, the consumer will attempt to reconnect according to the
retry
parameter which is a list of the <retry interval> and <# of retries> pairs. For example, retry="60 10 300 3" lets the consumer retry every 60 seconds for the first 10 times and then retry every 300 seconds for the next 3 times before stop retrying. The `+' in <# of retries> means indefinite number of retries until success. If noretry
was specified, by default syncrepl retries every hour forever.The schema checking can be enforced at the LDAP Sync consumer site by turning on the
schemachecking
parameter. The default is off. Schema checking on means that replicated entries must have a structural objectClass, must obey to objectClass requirements in terms of required/allowed attributes, and that naming attributes and distinguished values must be present. As a consequence, schema checking should be off when partial replication is used.The
network−timeout
parameter sets how long the consumer will wait to establish a network connection to the provider. Once a connection is established, thetimeout
parameter determines how long the consumer will wait for the initial Bind request to complete. The defaults for these parameters come from ldap.conf(5).A
bindmethod
ofsimple
requires the optionsbinddn
andcredentials
and should only be used when adequate security services (e.g. TLS or IPSEC) are in place. REMEMBER: simple bind credentials must be in cleartext! Abindmethod
ofsasl
requires the optionsaslmech.
Depending on the mechanism, an authentication identity and/or credentials can be specified usingauthcid
andcredentials.
Theauthzid
parameter may be used to specify an authorization identity. Specific security properties (as with thesasl−secprops
keyword above) for a SASL bind can be set with thesecprops
option. A non default SASL realm can be set with therealm
option. The identity used for synchronization by the consumer should be allowed to receive an unlimited number of entries in response to a search request. The provider, other than allow authentication of the syncrepl identity, should grant that identity appropriate access privileges to the data that is being replicated (access
directive), and appropriate time and size limits. This can be accomplished by either allowing unlimitedsizelimit
andtimelimit
, or by setting an appropriatelimits
statement in the consumer's configuration (seesizelimit
andlimits
for details).The
keepalive
parameter sets the values ofidle
,probes
, andinterval
used to check whether a socket is alive;idle
is the number of seconds a connection needs to remain idle before TCP starts sending keepalive probes;probes
is the maximum number of keepalive probes TCP should send before dropping the connection;interval
is interval in seconds between individual keepalive probes. Only some systems support the customization of these values; thekeepalive
parameter is ignored otherwise, and system-wide settings are used.The
starttls
parameter specifies use of the StartTLS extended operation to establish a TLS session before Binding to the provider. If thecritical
argument is supplied, the session will be aborted if the StartTLS request fails. Otherwise the syncrepl session continues without TLS. The tls_reqcert setting defaults to "demand" and the other TLS settings default to the same as the main slapd TLS settings.The
suffixmassage
parameter allows the consumer to pull entries from a remote directory whose DN suffix differs from the local directory. The portion of the remote entries' DNs that matches thesearchbase
will be replaced with the suffixmassage DN.Rather than replicating whole entries, the consumer can query logs of data modifications. This mode of operation is referred to as
deltasyncrepl
. In addition to the above parameters, thelogbase
andlogfilter
parameters must be set appropriately for the log that will be used. Thesyncdata
parameter must be set to either "accesslog" if the log conforms to the slapo-accesslog(5) log format, or "changelog" if the log conforms to the obsoletechangelog
format. If thesyncdata
parameter is omitted or set to "default" then the log parameters are ignored.
This option is only applicable in a slave database.
It specifies the DN permitted to update (subject to
access controls) the replica. It is only needed in
certain push-mode replication scenarios. Generally,
this DN should
not be the same as the rootdn
used at the
master.
Specify the referral to pass back when slapd(8) is asked to modify a replicated local database. If specified multiple times, each url is provided.
Each database may allow specific configuration options; they are documented separately in the backends' manual pages. See the slapd.backends(5) manual page for an overview of available backends.
Here is a short example of a configuration file:
include SYSCONFDIR/schema/core.schema pidfile LOCALSTATEDIR/run/slapd.pid # Subtypes of "name" (e.g. "cn" and "ou") with the # option ";x−hidden" can be searched for/compared, # but are not shown. See slapd.access(5). attributeoptions x−hidden lang− access to attrs=name;x−hidden by * =cs # Protect passwords. See slapd.access(5). access to attrs=userPassword by * auth # Read access to other attributes and entries. access to * by * read database bdb suffix "dc=our−domain,dc=com" # The database directory MUST exist prior to # running slapd AND should only be accessible # by the slapd/tools. Mode 0700 recommended. directory LOCALSTATEDIR/openldap−data # Indices to maintain index objectClass eq index cn,sn,mail pres,eq,approx,sub # We serve small clients that do not handle referrals, # so handle remote lookups on their behalf. database ldap suffix "" uri ldap://ldap.some−server.com/ lastmod off
"OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide" contains a longer annotated example of a configuration file. The original ETCDIR/slapd.conf is another example.
ldap(3), gnutls-cli(1), slapd-config(5), slapd.access(5), slapd.backends(5), slapd.overlays(5), slapd.plugin(5), slapd(8), slapacl(8), slapadd(8), slapauth(8), slapcat(8), slapdn(8), slapindex(8), slappasswd(8), slaptest(8).
"OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide" (http://www.OpenLDAP.org/doc/admin/)
OpenLDAP Software is developed and maintained by The OpenLDAP Project <http://www.openldap.org/>. OpenLDAP Software is derived from University of Michigan LDAP 3.3 Release.